TORPEDO failed to demonstrate clinically meaningful long-term quality-of-life gains with the use of proton therapy for oropharyngeal cancer, instead exchanging marginal acute toxicity gains for late toxicity detriments, with this editorial concluding “clinical outcomes are governed by more than simple dose distributions; rather, outcomes reflect a complex interplay of linear energy transfer, dose, and volume on late-term tissue effects.” | Vargas, Lancet 2026
