This analysis reports international reference pricing–where Medicare pays no more than comparable nations do–could dramatically out-save current Medicare negotiations for oncology drug prices, where most-favored-nation pricing across included cancer drugs would have reduced 2024 Medicare expenditures by an estimated $27.1–35.4 billion, i.e. a cost-savings at 20- to 30-fold all Medicare expenditures for radiotherapy that year. | Hwang, JAMA Health Forum 2026

